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--- 4rpl:commands:signalgenerator [2022/07/25 19:42] – [Make a Unit Move or "Float" Above Terrain] more efficient code Karsten75
+++ 4rpl:commands:signalgenerator [2025/09/03 16:43] (current) – [Sine wave in any direction without gaps] kalli
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<=[[4rpl:start| Index]] \\
+<=[[4rpl:start#math_utility| Math Utility]]
-<=[[4rpl:start| Index]]
 ====== SignalGenerator ======
@@ Line 13: / Line 14: @@
 Arguments and type in order:
-  * time:  (floating point number) X coordinate in the waveform or how long one repetition of the effect lasts
+  * time: (float) Current step in the waveform. For a wave duration of 10.0, a step of 2.5 is a quarter of the way into a pattern.
-  * frequency: (floating point number) The number of values to generate over the Interval (stepsize) of the waveform
+  * frequency: (float) The frequency dictates the duration of each repeating pattern. A duration of 10.0 must set the frequency to 0.1 (1/10.0)
-  * phaseShift: (floating point number) An offset from the origin value of the waveform (See Notes)
+  * phaseShift: (float) A starting offset, between 0 and 1, where 0 will start the pattern at the beginning, and 1 will start it at the end. For sine wave, 0.25 will begin the wave at the peak, and 0.75 will begin at the valley.
-  * invert:  (true/false) inverts the waveform
+  * invert: (0/1) inverts the waveform
   * signalType: (0 to 6)
      * 0 = NONE
@@ Line 22: / Line 23: @@
      * 2 = SQUARE
      * 3 = TRIANGLE
-     * 4 = SAW - TOOTH
+     * 4 = SAW-TOOTH
      * 5 = RANDOM
      * 6 = CONSTANT
-===== Notes =====
+The resulting variable sigValue contains a float value between -1 and 1 which represents the current state of the wave at the provided step (time) given its provided frequency and other factors.
-==== For all waveforms ====
-=== Phase Shift ===
-The phase difference, or phase shift as it is also called, of a Sinusoidal Waveform is the angle Φ(Greek letter Phi), in degrees or radians that the waveform has shifted from a certain reference point along the horizontal zero axis. In other words phase shift is the lateral difference between two or more waveforms along a common axis. Sinusoidal waveforms of the same frequency can have a phase difference.
-The phase difference, Φ of an alternating waveform can vary from between 0 to its maximum time period, T of the waveform during one complete cycle and this can be anywhere along the horizontal axis between, Φ = 0 to 2π(radians) or Φ = 0 to 360o depending upon the angular units used.
+===== Example =====
+To create a sine wave that should start at its peak and run for 80 frames until it repeats, we should set the frequency to (1.0/80.0), phase shift to 0.25, start the time value at 0 and add 1 to it every frame.
-==== For sine wave function ====
+Play the following example in the editor console to spawn a continuous stream of creeper using the sine wave at the bottom of the map.
-===  Time and Frequency ===
+<code 4RPL>
+$time:0
+$duration:80.0
+$phaseShift:0.25
+$invert:0
+$signalType:1
+SignalGenerator(<-time <-frequency <-phaseShift <-invert <-signalType) ->sigValue
+<-time 1 add ->time
+#Let's use the result to spawn some creeper in a range of cells:
+AddCreeper(<-time <-mapX mod, <-sigValue 20.0 mul 20 add, 1)
+:Once
+.0 <-duration div ->frequency
+   GetMapSize ->mapZ ->mapX
+</code>
+===== Patterns =====
+[{{cw4_signalgenerator_1.png|1 - SINE, Pattern repeated every 60 cells}}] \\
+[{{cw4_signalgenerator_2.png|2 - SQUARE, Pattern repeated every 60 cells}}]
+[{{cw4_signalgenerator_3.png|3 - TRIANGLE, Pattern repeated every 60 cells}}] \\
+[{{cw4_signalgenerator_4.png|4 - SAW-TOOTH, Pattern repeated every 60 cells}}]
+[{{cw4_signalgenerator_5.png|5 - RANDOM, Pattern repeated every 5 cells}}] \\
+===== Extra Notes =====
+This is how each wave is produced in the game's source code:
+==== Sine wave function ====
 <code C#>
 float t = frequency * time + phase;
 value = (float)Mathf.Sin(2f * Mathf.PI * t);
 </code>
-==== For square wave function ====
+==== Square wave function ====
-===  Time and Frequency ===
 <code c#>
-Square: value = Mathf.Sign(Mathf.Sin(2f * Mathf.PI * t));
+value = Mathf.Sign(Mathf.Sin(2f * Mathf.PI * t));
 </code>
 ==== For triangle wave function ====
-===  Time and Frequency ===
 <code c#>
-Triangle value = 1f - 4f * (float)Mathf.Abs(Mathf.Round(t - 0.25f) - (t - 0.25f));
+value = 1f - 4f * (float)Mathf.Abs(Mathf.Round(t - 0.25f) - (t - 0.25f));
 </code>
-==== For sawtooth wave function ====
+==== Saw-tooth wave function ====
-===  Time and Frequency ===
 <code c#>
-Sawtooth: value = 2f * (t - (float)Mathf.Floor(t + 0.5f));
+value = 2f * (t - (float)Mathf.Floor(t + 0.5f));
 </code>
-==== For random wave function ====
+==== Random wave function ====
-===  Time and Frequency ===
+The function will output the same number for a given interval.  Interval is 1/frequency.  It only changes to a new value on the next interval.  Hence a random number per interval, or a random number at a given frequency.  Otherwise, just use the rand functions to get a new value on each call.
 <code c#>
-Random: float interval = 1 / frequency;
+float interval = 1 / frequency;
-                int slot = (int)(time / interval) ;
+int slot = (int)(time / interval) ;
-                slot = (slot * 1431655781) + (slot * 1183186591) + (slot * 622729787) + (slot * 338294347);
+slot = (slot * 1431655781) + (slot * 1183186591) + (slot * 622729787) + (slot * 338294347);
-                if (slot < 0) slot = -slot;
+if (slot < 0) slot = -slot;
-                value = (float)GameSpace.instance.RandDoubleInput(randSeed + slot)*2-1;
+value = (float)GameSpace.instance.RandDoubleInput(randSeed + slot)*2-1;
 </code>
-===== Examples =====
+===== Extra examples =====
 ==== Sine Wave Creeper on Terrain ====
 <code 4rpl>
@@ Line 90: / Line 113: @@
 {{sine_creeper.png?450}}
 ==== Make a Unit Move or "Float" Above Terrain ====
@@ Line 119: / Line 140: @@
 ->signalType				# type of signal generated
 .5 ->scale				# control the maximum size of movement
+</code>
+==== Sine wave in any direction without gaps ====
+{{ :4rpl:commands:sinewaveanydirection.png?nolink&600 |}}
+<code 4RPL>
+30 v2 165 91 v2 15 4.5 0 @getSinusoidCells ->list
+<-list 0 do
+	<-list[i] ev2 dup2 getterrain 5 add setterrain
+loop
+:getSingleLineCells # INPUTS: <-startCell <-endCell. OUTPUT: a list of cells.
+->cell1
+->cell0
+	<-cell1 <-cell0 sub ->dir
+	<-dir.0 abs <-dir.1 abs max ->length
+	<-length eq0 if 0 0 v2 else <-dir <-length asfloat div endif ->dirL
+	<-cell0
+	<-length 0 do
+		dup <-dirL add
+	loop
+	<-length 1 add listN
+:getSinusoidCells # INPUTS: <-startCell <-endCell <-amplitude <-intervals <-phaseShift01. OUTPUT: a list of cells.
+->shift # FLOAT between 0 and 1 that will shift the signal from signalgenerator.
+->intervals # Amount of signal intervals between first and last cell.
+->ampl
+->cell1
+->cell0
+clearstack
+<-cell0 <-cell1 @getSingleLineCells dup ->axisCells getlistcount ->axisLength
+<-axisLength asfloat <-intervals div -1 pow ->freq
+<-cell1 <-cell0 sub normalize ->dir
+<-dir.1 <-dir.0 neg v2 <-ampl mul ->dirP
+<-cell0
+<-axisLength 1 do
+	i <-freq <-shift 0 1 signalgenerator <-dirP mul <-axisCells[i] add @getSingleLineCells ListToStack
+loop
+list
 </code>
 <=[[4rpl:start| Index]]

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